Undercover journalism remains one of the controversial yet powerful tools in investigative reporting. By infiltrating corrupt systems and exposing wrongdoing, undercover journalists hold power accountable in ways traditional reporting often cannot. However, this method is riddled with ethical dilemmas, legal challenges, and significant personal risk.
Celebrated Ghanaian investigative journalist Anas Aremeyaw Anas, renowned for his anonymity and groundbreaking investigations, has been at the forefront of this debate.
Speaking at the International Conference on Trends in Investigative Journalism in Northern Nigeria organised by WikkiTimes in partnership with the Northeastern University Gombe and Tiger Eye Foundation Ghana, Anas stressed that investigative journalism is a necessary tool for exposing corruption and other societal ills.
“The essence of investigative journalism is to bring hope to the common man,” Anas stated in his keynote address. “It is about holding power accountable and making life better for the people. However, this job is demanding and only for those who are truly passionate about driving change in society.”
The Undercover Journalism
Anas emphasized the immense dangers investigative journalists face, particularly those who employ undercover tactics. “If you are not ready to pay the price, forget about investigative journalism,” he counselled aspiring reporters.
“You must be willing to endure the pain and trauma that come with this profession. The threats are real, and the risks are high,” he added.
Having exposed high-level corruption across Ghana and beyond, Anas has faced threats to his life, legal challenges, and intense public scrutiny. Yet, he remains committed to his work, arguing that the risks are outweighed by the impact of revealing the truth.
Despite its effectiveness, undercover journalism has faced criticism regarding its ethical implications. Critics argue that deceptive methods, such as using hidden cameras or disguising identities, violate journalistic integrity.
Its proponents such as Anas, however, firmly defended this approach. “Undercover journalism meets international legal and ethical standards,” he asserted. “I am not just a journalist; I am also a lawyer; I was called to the bar in 2013. I understand the law, and I can confidently say that undercover journalism is admissible in court and conforms to professional guidelines.”
He further explained that corruption and abuse of power often thrive in secrecy, making traditional reporting ineffective in certain cases. “If criminals and corrupt officials operate in the shadows, how else do you expose them if not by going into those shadows yourself?” he asked.
Nigerian and Ghanaian Experiences
Drawing parallels between Nigeria and his country Ghana, Anas highlighted that both countries face similar obstacles in investigative journalism, including threats from state and non-state actors.
“We must work together to strengthen the profession across borders. Investigative journalists are the last line of defense for democracy, and we must keep pushing the frontiers to ensure accountability.”
In his determination to expand the frontiers of its practice and recognizing the need for continued support, Anas has instituted a ten-year annual prize for the best-graduating students in investigative journalism at North-Eastern University (NEU), Gombe, and Federal University, Kashere (FUK).
Each year, the top graduates will receive a $300 award, funded by his foundation, Tiger Eye Foundation Ghana.
“Investigative journalism requires resources. This initiative is my way of encouraging young journalists to pursue this path with excellence, integrity, and resilience, he said”
Investigative Journalism and the Public Good
Anas reinforced that journalism must serve the public interest. “I hope to see courageous journalists whose work will stand the test of time and shine a light on corruption in our society,” he said.
“There is no point in journalism if it does not benefit the people. Our work should uplift communities and foster development. If we fail to do this, then we have failed as journalists.”
He also emphasized the need for innovation in journalism, particularly with the rise of artificial intelligence (AI) and digital technology.
“To advance democracy, journalists must embrace new tools and adapt to technological advancements. We are in the AI age, and we must use these resources to strengthen our work.”
Addressing concerns that many investigative reports do not lead to immediate government action, he insisted that journalists should remain focused on their core mission.
“A journalist’s duty is not to the government, but to the people,” he declared. “Even if authorities ignore our reports, the public sees them, and they form their own opinions. We must continue revealing the truth, whether the government acts or not. No government enjoys investigative journalism, but when we present undeniable evidence, they are forced to respond.”
Honouring Anas Aremeyaw Anas
As part of the conference, NEU honoured Anas by naming a journalism studio after him in recognition of his contributions to investigative reporting.
Dr. Sani Jauro, Founder and Pro-Vice Chancellor of NEU, expressed admiration for Anas’ work. “I have followed Anas’ remarkable journalism for years. When we decided to name this important studio after him, I knew it was a significant step toward fostering excellence in investigative reporting. NEU is proud to honour him for his dedication and sacrifices for humanity,” he said.
Speaking earlier, WikkiTimes Co-publisher Ajibola Amzat shared the challenges his media organization has faced since its establishment in 2018.
Despite enduring seven lawsuits and numerous threats, WikkiTimes remains committed to exposing corruption and holding leaders accountable.
“We founded WikkiTimes to bring change in Northern Nigeria. Despite legal battles and intimidation, we refuse to be silenced. We call on stakeholders and the academic community to support our mission of ensuring transparency and good governance.”
Corruption and Investigative Journalism
Renowned media scholar and Vice Chancellor of Federal University, Kashere, Professor Umaru Pate, highlighted how corruption continues to hinder Nigeria’s progress.
He pointed to its prevalence in education, agriculture, politics, and environmental management, emphasizing the need for collective action against this menace.
“Corruption is a deeply rooted issue that weakens our nation. We must reform our institutions and promote accountability if we are to overcome these challenges.”
He also spoke about the importance of training globally competitive journalists. “I am not training locally minded journalists. I train individuals who can operate on the global stage, adapt to contemporary challenges, and make a meaningful impact worldwide.”
The speakers in the conference stressed the need for continued financial and institutional support for investigative journalism and also called to action for young reporters to embrace the profession’s challenges and uphold the principles of truth, justice, and accountability.
